Sehonghong (BAS)
Basic information
Sample name: Sehonghong (BAS)

Reference: I. Plug and P. Mitchell. 2008. Sehonghong: hunter-gatherer utilization of animal resources in the highlands of Lesotho. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 45:31-53 [ER 3742]
Geography
Country: Lesotho

State: Thaba-Tseka

Coordinate: 30° 46' S, 29° 47' E
Latlng basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Section: 3742

Unit number: 8

Unit order: above to below

Max Ma: 0.0194

Min Ma: 0.0157

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "Sehonghong is a large rock-shelter on the banks of the Sehonghong River, close to its confluence with the Senqu (Orange/Gariep) in the Thaba Tseka District of the highlands of Lesotho. The site lies at an elevation of 1800 m above sea level".
Radiocarbon dates on Layer BAS range from 19, 400 ± 200 BP to 15, 700 ± 150 BP.

Environment
Lithology: ash

Taphonomic context: human accumulation, rock shelter

Archaeology: hearths, stone tools

Habitat comments: "Layer BAS (Brown Ashy Sand) consists of a relatively thick, fine, grey-brown ashy loam whose lithic assemblage was assigned to an early expression of the Robberg Industry". Hearths are present throughout all of the Pleistocene layers.
"While not all of the animal remains in the deposit would have been accumulated by people, the intense degree of fragmentation and burning that characterizes the Sehonghong assemblages strongly suggests that people were responsible for acquiring almost all of the faunal remains".

Methods
Life forms: carnivores, primates, rodents, ungulates, other large mammals, other small mammals, birds, lizards, frogs, fishes

Sampling methods: quarry, screenwash

Sample size: 654 specimens

Sampled by: P. Mitchell

Years: 1992

Net or trap nights: 0

Basal area status: not applicable

Sampling comments: "The primary excavation of the site was conducted by P. Mitchell in 1992. All sediment removed from the deposits was dry-sieved through a 1.5 mm mesh".

Metadata
Sample no: 3986

Contributor no: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-08-25 16:28:02

Modified: 2023-05-30 01:41:04

Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
36 species
12 singletons
total count 654
geometric series index: 67.6
Fisher's α: 8.197
geometric series k: 0.8444
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.6516
Shannon's H: 1.8502
Good's u: 0.9817
Register
Soricidae indet.1
"Shrew"
Chlorocebus pygerythrus (tantalus monkey)1
"Cercopithecus pygerythrus"
Canidae indet.1
Ictonyx striatus (striped polecat)1753.0 g
Herpestidae indet.4
Panthera pardus (leopard)1
Felis lybica (African wildcat)14.5 kg
"Felis silvestris"; also 4 Carnivora indet.
Equus capensis (horse)2
Equus quagga (plains zebra)12
also 3 Equus sp.
Procavia capensis 832.8 kg
Megalotragus priscus 1
Connochaetes gnou (black wildebeest)18
Alcelaphus buselaphus (hartebeest)5
also 15 Alcelaphinae indet.
Damaliscus pygargus (bontebok)6
Sylvicapra grimmia (common duiker)713.0 kg
Antidorcas marsupialis (springbok)1740.0 kg
Oreotragus oreotragus (klipspringer)9
Raphicerus campestris (steenbok)139.7 kg
Pelea capreolus (grey rhebok)616.0 kg
Hippotragus cf. leucophaeus (bluebuck)2
Hippotragus equinus (roan)1246.0 kg
Taurotragus oryx (common eland)2
"Tragelaphus oryx"
Redunca fulvorufula (mountain reedbuck)3429.0 kg
also 1 Redunca sp. and 299 Bovidae indet.
Hystrix africaeaustralis 1115.0 kg
Otomys irroratus 5
also 22 Otomys sp. and 49 Rodentia indet.
Lagomorpha indet.14
also 2 "Small mammals"
Struthio camelus 1111.0 kg
Tyto alba 22.5 g
Scleroptila cf. afra 1
"Scleroptila cf. africanus"; also 16 Aves indet.
Pseudocordylus melanotus 1
Varanus niloticus 2
also 6 Lacertilia indet. and 5 Reptilia indet.
Pyxicephalus adspersus 4
also 44 Anura indet.
Labeobarbus kimberleyensis 5
Labeobarbus aeneus 373
Labeo capensis 6
also 1218 Labeoninae indet.
Austroglanis sclateri 1
also 23 Fish indet.