Cornelia-Uitzoek (old collection)
Basic information
Sample name: Cornelia-Uitzoek (old collection)
Reference: J. S. Brink, A. I. R. Herries, J. Moggi-Cecchi, J. A. J. Gowlett, C. B. Bousman, J. P. Hancox, R. Grün, V. Eisenmann, J. W. Adams, and L. Rossouw. 2012. First hominine remains from a ~1.0 million year old bone bed at Cornelia-Uitzoek, Free State Province, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution 63:527-535 [ER 3873]
Geography
Country: South Africa
State: Free
Coordinate: 27° 14' 3" S, 29° 51' 3" E
Latlng basis: based on nearby landmark
Time interval: Early Pleistocene
Max Ma: 1.06
Min Ma: 0.9
Age basis: paleomag
Geography comments: coordinate based on Cornelia
assigned to the Jaramillo subchron based on paleomagnetic stratigraphy, which is said by the authors to span "1.07 and 0.99 Ma" but is currently 1.06 to 0.90 Ma
assigned to the Jaramillo subchron based on paleomagnetic stratigraphy, which is said by the authors to span "1.07 and 0.99 Ma" but is currently 1.06 to 0.90 Ma
Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)
Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation, fluvial deposit
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "valley-fill, alluvial and colluvial fossil-rich gravels and clays" with most fossils from "the Mottled Yellow Clay (MYC, Butzer's Bed 2)... a densely-packed bone bed" that was "accumulated on a palaeosurface within an abandoned channel... the primary agent of accumulation was a large bone-gathering predator, possibly spotted hyaenas"
there are "Acheulian artifacts" that are listed in detail in Table 2
there are "Acheulian artifacts" that are listed in detail in Table 2
Methods
Life forms: carnivores, ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 1000 specimens
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: collected "in the 1920s and 1930s" by Van Hopen, and there was also a 1953 field season directed by "Hoffman"
Metadata
Sample no: 4251
Contributor no: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-04-23 15:56:50
Modified: 2023-04-23 05:56:50
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
17 species
1 singleton
total count 1000
geometric series index: 21.9
Fisher's α: 2.91
geometric series k: 0.7382
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8286
Shannon's H: 1.9998
Good's u: 0.999
Register
| Panthera leo (lion) | 5 | 147.0 kg |
| Proboscidea indet. | 2 | |
| †Eurygnathohippus cornelianus | 6 | |
| †Equus cf. capensis (horse) | 69 | |
| Equus cf. quagga (plains zebra) | 125 | |
| Rhinocerotidae indet. | 2 | |
| †Hippopotamus gorgops (hippopotamus) | 49 | |
| †Metridiochoerus modestus (pig) | 11 | |
| †Metridiochoerus compactus (pig) | 2 | |
| †Kolpochoerus limnetes | 4 | |
| "Kolpochoerus heseloni": see Yang et al. (2022) | ||
| †Syncerus antiquus (bovid) | 54 | |
| †Damaliscus niro (bovid) | 237 | |
| †Megalotragus eucornutus | 24 | |
| valid and distinct from Megalotragus priscus: see Brink et al. (1995) | ||
| Connochaetes gnou laticornutus (black wildebeest) | 150 | |
| †Antidorcas bondi (bovid) | 257 | |
| †Aepyceros helmoedi (bovid) | 1 | |
| Sylvicapra grimmia (common duiker) | 2 | 13.0 kg |